E-Government and Malaysia: A Theoretical Consideration

Azizan H Morshidi, Fazli Abd Hamid

Abstract


ABSTRACT: This paper does not try to paint a bleak picture of e-Government initiative in developing countries or Malaysia in particular. Nonetheless, such limitations, if any, must not be left unnoticed. Indisputably, notions of “success” and “failure” are indeed highly subjective issues. The outcome of something as difficult and complex to achieve as government reform, or higher levels of civic engagement by means of electronic medium, may not be sensed immediately. These agencies must also be ready to transform mindsets, systems, and processes even if this may decrease their autonomy. Boundaries, silos, and counters will have to be torn down and done away as clients move online. Communications with the government via e-mails and other electronic channels will be made a mere routine norm, delivered to the public clients any time of the day across any time zone and in any continent. The implementation of a fully connected Malaysian government also requires empowering the government workforce. Bureaucratic agencies must focus their interest to empowering employees by providing them the tools to perform and deliver their duties better and from any workspace. Therefore, there is an urgent need to make human capital planning a strategic element in the agencies’ initiatives. An effective and fully connected Malaysian e-Government initiative poses challenges on how they might devise policies to spur and inspire local innovation and on how they might integrate which technology to achieve their objectives to a greater degree.

Key words: e-Government, Malaysian nation-state, Information and Communication Technology, bureaucratic reform, and effective management.

About the Authors: Azizan H. Morshidi is a Lecturer at the Industrial Relations Program, School of Social Sciences UMS (Malaysia University of Sabah). Fazli Abd Hamid is a Senior Lecturer at the Industrial Relations Program, School of Social Sciences UMS (Malaysia University of Sabah). For academic purposes, they can be duly contacted at: azizanm@gmail.com and ag4477@msn.com

How to cite this article? Morshidi, Azizan H. & Fazli Abd Hamid. (2010). “E-Government and Malaysia: A Theoretical Consideration” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Vol.3, No.2 [November], pp.305-324. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press, UNIPA Surabaya, and UMS Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, ISSN 1979-0112.

Chronicle of article: Accepted (September 10, 2010); Revised (October 15, 2010); and Published (November 20, 2010).


Full Text:

PDF

References


Accenture. (2001). “E-Government Leadership: Rhetoric versus Reality: Closing the Gap”. Available also at: www.accenture.com/xdoc/en/industries/government/2001FullReport.pdf [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9/10/2010].

Accenture. (2009). “The 2009 Waseda University International e-Government Ranking” in Press Release.

Aucoin, P. (1997). “The Design of Public Organizations for the 21st Century: Why Bureaucracy will Survive in Public Management?” in Canadian Public Administration, 40(2), pp.290-306.

Bannister, F. & N. Walsh. (2002). “The Virtual Public Servant: Ireland's Public Services Broker” in Information Polity, 7, pp.115-127.

Bellamy, C. & J. Taylor. (1998). Governing in the Information Age. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Bendix, R. (1962). Max Weber: An Intellectual Portrait. New York: Doubleday Anchor Books.

Berman, H.J. (1983). Law and Revolution: The Formation of the Western Legal Tradition. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.

Blau, P.M. (1956). Bureaucracy in Modern Society. New York: Random House.

Blau, P.M. & R.A. Schoenherr. (1971). The Structure of Organizations. New York: Basic Books.

Ciborra, C.U. (2003). “Unveiling e-Government and Development: Governing at a Distance in the New War”. Working Paper 126, London School of Economics and Political Science, London. Available also at http://is.lse.ac.uk/wp/pdf/WP126.PDF [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Clegg, S. R. & C. Hardy. (1996). “Introduction: Organizations, Organization, and Organizing” in Stewart R. Clegg, Cynthia Hardy & Walter R. Nord [eds]. Handbook of Organization Studies. London: Sage, pp.1-28.

Eisenstadt, S.N. (1958). “Bureaucracy and Bureaucratization” in Current Sociology, 7, pp.97-164.

Elias, N. (1982). The Civilizing Process: State Formation and Civilization. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Fountain, J.E. (2007). Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.

Friedlander, A. (2000). “Is Digital Government Good Government?”. Also available at http://www.cisp.org/imp/october_2000/10_00editorial.htm [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Gazell, J.A. & D.L. Pugh. (1990). “Administrative Theory and Large Organizations of the Future: Whither Bureaucracy?” in International Journal of Public Administration, 13/6, pp.827-858.

Gerth, H.H. & C.W. Mills [eds]. (1970). From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Gouldner, A.W. (1954). Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy. Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press of Glencoe.

Jain, A. (2004). “Using the Lens of Max Weber's Theory of Bureaucracy to Examine e-Government Research” in Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

Jellinek, D. (2003). “E-Government: Reality or Hype?”. Also available at http://www.cisp.org/imp/october_2000/10_00jellinek.htm [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Karim, M.A.R. & N.M. Khalid. (2003). E-Government in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Pelanduk Publications Sdn. Bhd.

Kaufmann, D., A. Kraay & M. Mastruzzi. (2004). Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996-2002. Washington DC: The World Bank. Also available at http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/pdf/govmatters3_wber.pdf [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Lazer, D. (2002). “How to Maintain Innovation of Government in a Networked World?”. Paper presented in the Digital Government Workshop at the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Also available at http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/cbg/dgworkshop/lazer.pdf [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Li, F. (2003). “Implementing e-Government Strategy in Scotland: Current Situation and Emerging Issues” in Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, 1:2 [April-June], pp.44-65.

Mansfield, R. (1973). “Bureaucracy and Centralization: An Examination of Organizational Structure” in Administrative Science Quarterly, 18, pp.477-488.

Marche, S. & J.D. McNiven. (2003). “E-Government and e-Governance: The Future isn’t What it Used to Be” in Canadian Journal of Administrative Science, Vol.20, No.1, pp.74-86.

March, J.G. & J.P. Olsen. (2004). “The Logic of Appropriateness to Appear” in Martin Rein, Michael Moran & Robert E. Goodin [eds]. Handbook of Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

March, J.G., M. Schultz & X. Zhou. (2000). The Dynamics of Rules: Change in Written Organizational Codes. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press.

Merton, Robert K. (1957). Social Theory and Social Structure. Glencoe: Free Press.

Merton, Robert K. (1976). Sociological Ambivalence and Other Essays. New York: Free Press.

Mohamed, N. (2008). “Internal Users’ Self-Assessment of Malaysia’s e-Government Flagship Applications in Lead Implementation Agencies” in Public Sector ICT Management Review, Vol.2, No.1 [January-June].

Muhammad Rais Abdul Karim & Nazariah Mohd Khalid. (2003). E-Government in Malaysia: Improving Responsiveness and Capacity to Serve. Putrajaya, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications Sdn Bhd & MAMPU.

Murray, S. (2001). “Online Opportunity to Transform Administrations and Services at All Levels” in Financial Times. Also available at http://specials.ft.com/ftit/june2001/FT3IICMY2OC.html [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Okot-Uma, R.W.O. (2003). “Electronic Governance: Reinventing Good Governance” in World Bank Report. Also available at http://www1.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov/Okot-Uma.pdf [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Olsen, J.P. (2003). “Towards a European Administrative Space?” in Journal of European Public Policy, 10, pp.506-531.

Olsen, J.P. (2005). “Maybe it is Time to Rediscover Bureaucracy?”. Working Paper No.10, Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo.

Peters, B.G. (1999). Institutional Theory in Political Science. London: Routledge.

Pugh, D. S. & D.J. Hickson. (1976). Organizational Structure in its Context: The Aston Programme I. Westmead: Saxon House.

Selznick, P. (1949). TVA and the Grass Roots. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Slevin, J. (2000). The Internet and Society. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Sverdrup, U.I. (2000). “Ambiguity and Adaptation: Europeanization of Administrative Institutions as Loosely Coupled Processes” in ARENA. Oslo: Report No.8.

Thong, J.Y.L., C.S. Yap & K.L. Seah. (2000). “Business Process Reengineering in the Public Sector: The Case of the Housing Development Board in Singapore” in Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.17, No.1, pp.245-270.

Van Wert, J. (2002). “Questions about e-Government”. Paper presented in the Digital Government Workshop at the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Also available at http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/cbg/dgworkshop/vanwert2.pdf [accessed in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: 9 October 2010].

Weber, Max. (1947). The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. New York: Basic Books, translated by Henderson & Parsons.

Weber, Max. (1968). Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology. New York: Bedminster Press, edited and translated by G. Roth & C. Wittich.

Weber, Max. (1970). “Politics as a Vocation” in H.H. Gerth & C. Wright Mills [eds]. From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, pp.77-128.

Weber, Max. (1978). Economy and Society. Berkeley CA: University of California Press, edited by G. Roth & C. Wittich.

Wollmann, H. [ed]. (2001). “Evaluating Public Sector Performance: An International and Comparative Perspective” in Revista Internacional de Estudios Políticos, Special Issue [September].




SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan is published by Minda Masagi Press. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 4.0.