ABSTRAK: Persoalan hak asasi manusia merupakan suatu isu yang sering menjadi perdebatan semenjak berakhirnya Perang Dunia II (1939-1945). Pengisytiharan Deklarasi Hak Asasi Manusia pada tahun 1948 oleh Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu bertujuan untuk menetapkan satu nilai umum berkenaan hak asasi agar dapat dihormati dan dipatuhi oleh negara dan masyarakat antarabangsa. Walau bagaimanapun, nilai dan sifat kesejagatan deklarasi tersebut terus menjadi perdebatan dan pertikaian. Artikel ini secara khususnya akan membicarakan serta menhujahkan bahawa adalah sukar untuk seluruh masyarakat antarabangsa yang berbilang bangsa dan agama bagi mencapai kesepakatan berkaitan kesejagatan hak asasi tersebut. Terdapat pelbagai isu yang sering diperdebatkan berkaitan hal tersebut. Persoalan-persoalan yang selalu diperdebatkan ialan pengertian hak asasi itu sendiri, kecenderungan persoalan tersebut kepada pemikiran Barat, persoalan kedaulatan, kepelbagaian budaya dan konflik nilai, serta kelemahan yang terdapat di dalam Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu bersabit penyelesaian pelbagai isu-isu hak asasi diperingkat antarabangsa. Negara Malaysia pun memiliki wawasan dan dasar mengikut acuan sendiri yang bersabit dengan isu-isu hak asasi manusia ini.

Kata-kata kunci: kesegajatan Deklarasi Hak Asasi Manusia 1948, kepelbagaian nilai dan budaya, serta penyelesaian isu hak asasi di peringkat bangsa dan antarabangsa.

About the Authors: Rizal Zamani bin Idris, M.A. is a Lecturer in International Relations at the School of Social Sciences UMS (Malaysia University of Sabah). He earned his B.HSc. (Hons) from IIUM (International Islamic University Malaysia) in 2000; and Master of Arts (M.A.) in International Relations from DU (Deakin University), Australia, in 2004. His research interests include International Political Economy, Australia-Malaysia Relations, International Humanitarian Law and Security Studies. For academic purposes, he can be reached at: rizal.idris@gmail.com Mohamad Shaukhi bin Mohd Radzi, M.A. is a Lecturer at the School of Social Sciences, Malaysia University of Sabah (UMS). He was born in Merbok, Kedah, on 1 November 1972. He earned his M.A. (Master of Arts) from UKM (National University of Malaysia) in 2004. His M.A. thesis was “The Westernization of Ottoman Government Beginning 1789-1878”. One of his books is Pembaharuan Pentadbiran dan Perundangan dalam Era Tanzimat, 1839-1878 M dan Reaksi Golongan Uthmani Muda (Kedah: Penerbitan Universiti Utara Malaysia, 2005). For academic purposes, he can be reached at: mdshaukhi@hotmail.com

How to cite this article? Idris, Rizal Zamani bin & Mohamad Shaukhi bin Mohd Radzi. (2009). “Controversies behind the Idea of Universal Human Rights: A Malaysian Perspective” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Vol.2, No.1 [Mei], pp.47-58. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press, UPI Bandung, and UMS Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, ISSN 1979-0112.

Chronicle of article: Accepted (March 18, 2009); Revised (April 20, 2009); and Published (May 20, 2009).

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