ABSTRACT: The system of British Resident government was introduced in Brunei on early twenteeth century. By implementing this system, Brunei is one of nation in Southeast Asian countries which be ruled by British indirectly. Similar with other British ruled regions in Southeast Asia, especially to Malay peninsula’s case, the Sultanate of Brunei has also to receive the advises on social, economic and political matters from British Resident. Exceptly is concerning on the Islamic religion matters. As its consequences, the Brunei faced the changes not only in social, political and economic field but also in management of government and in regulation of Land Code. The later case indicates that regulating on land in Brunei traditionally was also changed by modern Land Code respectively in early twentieth century. However, this paperwork tries to explain how the signing of 1905/1906 Supplementary Agreement resulted in the formulation of Land Code 1907. The signing of this agreement shows that the British were concerned with Brunei’s survival which was very much affected by the land issues in Brunei. With the Land Code 1907, the boundaries of the Sultanate were made clear and subsequently played its roles in improving and sustaining Brunei’s economy. In one way or another, the Land Code was responsible for increasing in revenue through income from rubber plantation, and oil and gas industry. Thus, it acts as a catalyst for the development in Brunei and Brunei was able to transform from an economically unstable country to a country which is blessed with prosperity. All of these achievements are achieved due to the endless effort of the government in implementing the Land Code in Brunei.

Key words: Brunei Sultanate, British Resident government, Land Code of 1907, and political, economic and social changes in Brunei.

About the Author: Dr. Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail ialah Pensyarah Kanan di Jabatan Sejarah, Fakulti Sastera dan Sains Sosial UBD (Universiti Brunei Darussalam). Beliau dilahirkan di Limbang, Sarawak, pada 24hb Disember 1955. Menamatkan pengajian Sarjana Muda (B.A.Hons.) dari Universiti Brunei Darussalam pada tahun 1989; berkelulusan Sarjana (M.A.) dari universiti yang sama pada tahun 1996; dan berkelulusan program Doktor (Ph.D.) dari Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pada tahun 2004, dengan menulis disertasi mengenai “Kesultanan Brunei Abad ke-19: Sistem Politik dan Struktur Pentadbiran”. Beliau menulis beberapa buku, di antaranya adalah Sejarah Perkembangan Pendidikan di Brunei, 1950-1985 (Brunei Darussalam: Jabatan Pusat Sejarah Brunei, 2006). Bagi urusan sebarang akademik, beliau dapat dihubungi dengan alamat e-mail: asbolm@fass.ubd.edu.bn atau asbolm@hotmail.com

How to cite this article? Haji Mail, Haji Awg Asbol bin. (2009). “Perjanjian Tambahan 1905/1906 Brunei dan United Kingdom: Satu Tinjauan Hubungannya dengan Undang-Undang Tanah” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Vol.2, No.1 [Mei], pp.31-46. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press, UPI Bandung, and UMS Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, ISSN 1979-0112.

Chronicle of article: Accepted (March 8, 2009); Revised (April 12, 2009); and Published (May 20, 2009).

“Arthur Keyser, Her Majesty’s Consul to the Acting High Commissioner for Borneo, Muara: 20 May 1900” in Borneo 191/1900 High Commissioner Office Papers, Vol.I.

Brown, D.E. (1970). Brunei: The Structure and History of a Bornean Malay Sultanate. Brunei: The Brunei Museum Brunei, Monograph of the Brunei Museum Journal, Vol.II, No.2.

Brown, D.E. (1974). “Sultan Mumin’s Will and Related Documents” dalam Brunei Museum Journal (BMJ), Vol.III, No.2.

Brunei Annual Report (BAR), 1907, 1908, 1912, 1914, 1917 dan 1929.

Brunei Darussalam Land Code Cap. 40 and Land Acquistion Cap. 41, t.pt. dan t.th.

“Consul General Leys to Foreign Office, Labuan: 14 December 1885” dalam C.O., 144/59.

Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail. (2004). “Limbang Jasad Brunei, Brunei Roh Limbang: Dinamika Kesultanan Melayu Brunei, 1850-1906” dalam HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah, No.10, Vol.V [Desember]. Bandung: Jurusan Pendidikan Sejarah FPIPS UPI, ms.12-42.

Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail. (2006a). “Bandar Brunei, 1906–1929: Pembentukan dari Kampong Aying ke Darat” dalam Borneo Kalimantan 2006: Transformasi Sosial Masyarakat Perkotaan. Kota Samarahan: UNIMAS [Universiti Malaysia Sarawak].

Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail. (2006b). “Kesultanan Brunei KM XIX: Sungai Kerajaan, Sungai Kuripan dan Sungai Tulin Hubungannya dengan Pentadbiran Rantau dan Pesisir” dalam Jurnal Darussalam, Bil.6.

Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail. (2006/2007). “Peralihan dari Ekonomi Tradisional ke Ekonomi Perusahaan Minyak, 1929–1941: Pengaruhnya terhadap Perubahan Sistem Pendidikan Brunei” dalam Southeast Asia: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Vol.7, No.1.

Haji Awg Asbol bin Haji Mail. (2008). “Institusi Wazir, Ceteria dan Menteri pada Abad ke-19: Struktur dan Kuasa Elite dalam Pentadbiran di Kesultanan Melayu Brunei” dalam SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Vol.1, No.1 [Mei]. Bandung: HISPISI, UPI dan UMS, ms.85-124.

Haji Duraman bin Tuah. (1995). “Dasar Tanah di Brunei Darussalam” dalam Jurnal Beriga, Bil.48 [Jul-Sept].

Haji Duraman Bin Tuah. (1997). Pentadbiran Awam Brunei Darussalam Diperiod Naungan dan Pemerintahan Sendiri: Satu Kajian. Bandar Seri Begawan: Institut Perkhidmatan Awam.

Hasrat Negara. Bandar Seri Begawan: Jabatan Penerangan Brunei, 1992.

“High Highness Sultan Abdul Momin of Brunei to His Excellency C.C. Leys, Governor of Labuan and Consul General for Borneo, Brunei: 2 Rabiulakhir 1298 (3 March 1881)” dalam F.O., 12/120.

Horton, A.V.M. (1984). “The British Residency in Brunei, 1906–1959” dalam Occasional Papers, No.6, University of Hull, Centre for South East Asian Studies.

Horton, A.V.M. (1985). “The Development of Brunei during the British Residential Era, 1906-1959: A Sultanate Regenerated”. Being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in South East Asian Studies in the University of Hull.

Horton, A.V.M. (1986). “British Administration in Brunei, 1906-1959” dalam Modern Asian Studies, 20 (2), University of Hull.

Leys, Peter. (1968). “Observations on the Brunei Political System, 1883-1885” dalam Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (JMBRAS), Vol.XLI, Pt.2.

Maxwell, William George & William Summer Gibson. (1924). Treaties and Engagements Affecting the Malay States and Borneo. Suffolk: Jas Truscott & Son Ltd.

“McArthur to Sir John Anderson, High Commissioner, Confidential No.10, 27 May 1904” dalam F.O., 12/126.

McArthur, M.S.H. (1987). Report on Brunei in 1904, Introduced and Annotated by A.V.M. Horton. Ohio University, Monographs in International Studies, Southeast Asia Series, No.74.

Nooraini binti Haji Jumat. (1985/1989). “Sejarah Orang Kedayan dan Masalah Tanahnya Menjelang Penubuhan Residensi di Brunei”. Latihan Ilmiah untuk memenuhi keperluan ijazah Sarjana Muda Sastera, Jabatan Sejarah, Fakulti Sastera dan Sains Sosial, Universiti Brunei Darussalam.

Sabihah Osman, Muhammad Hadi Abdullah & Sabullah Haji Hakip. (1995). Sejarah Brunei Menjelang Kemerdekaan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Sidhu, Jatswan S. (1995). Sejarah Sosioekonomi Brunei, 1906-1959. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Singh, Ranjit. (1991). Brunei, 1839-1983: The Problem of Political Survival. Singapore: Oxford University Press, reprinted.

Singh, Ranjit. (2000). The Making of Sabah, 1865-1941: The Dynamics of Indigenous Society. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.

Stubbs, R.E. (1905). “Brunei and the Limbang“ dalam Eastern, No.97, printed for the use the Colonial Office [March].

Stubbs, R.E. (1968). “Two Colonial Office Memoranda on the History of Brunei” dalam Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (JMBRAS), Vol.41, Pt.2.