IKHTISAR: Sejarah pemerintahan Kesultanan Sulu di Kalimantan Utara (Borneo Utara) bermula apabila Sultan Brunei menyerahkan sebahagian daripada jajahannya, dari Kimanis hingga selatan Sungai Sibucu, kepada Sultan Sulu pada tahun 1704. Sememangnya, pada abad ke-17 lagi telah memperlihatkan kemunculan Sulu yang berpusat di Jolo, sebagai sebuah kerajaan maritim yang cukup berpengaruh dalam menguasai hal-ehwal kelautan, terutamanya di Laut Sulu dan juga di Laut Sulawesi dan Laut Cina Selatan. Kesultanan Sulu melalui para pembesarnya telah berusaha meluaskan pengaruh “ketuanan” Sulu di Kepulauan Melayu, terutamanya di pantai timur Borneo Utara yang bukannya semata-mata untuk meluaskan pengaruh politiknya, tetapi yang lebih penting lagi mendapatkan sebanyak mungkin sumber-sumber hutan dan maritim, termasuk hamba yang boleh diperdagangkan kepada para pedagang tempatan dan antarabangsa di pelabuhan Jolo. Makalah ini mengkaji kebijaksanaan, sistem, dan struktur pentadbiran Kesultanan Sulu dalam membangunkan ekonomi di pantai timur Borneo Utara, sebelum ianya diruntuhkan oleh BNBCC (British North Borneo Chartered Company) pada tahun 1878.

KATA KUNCI: Kesultanan Sulu, Borneo Utara, ekonomi dan wilayah, kerajaan maritim, dan pengaruh ketuanan Melayu.

ABSTRACT: “The Policy of the Sulu Sultanate in Managing the Economic Resources in the East Coast of North Borneo, 1704 – 1878”. The history of administration of Sulu Sultanate in North Borneo has begun when the Sultan of Brunei transfered one of her teritories to Sultan of Sulu from Kiamis to southern Sungai Sibucu in 1704. Actually, the Sulu Sultanate, with its base in Jolo, had emerged as an influential and powerful maritime government ruling over the Sulu seas as well as Sulawesi and South China seas during the 17^th century. The Sulu Sultanate through its officials tried to expand the sovereignty in the Malay Archipelago, especially on the east coast of North Borneo not just for political dominance, but more importantly for natural and marine resources as well as slaves to trade with local merchants and foreign traders in the Jolo harbour. This article studies the policy, system, and governance structure of the Sulu Sultanate and its effectiveness towards developing the economies in the east coast of North Borneo, before its downfall brought forth by the BNBCC (British North Borneo Chartered Company) in 1878.

KEY WORD: Sulu Sultanate, North Borneo, ecomony and region, maritime government, and Malay ruler impact.

About the Author: Prof. Madya Dr. Ismail Ali ialah Pensyarah Kanan di Program Sejarah UMS (Universiti Malaysia Sabah); dan Pengarah UMS-KAL (Universiti Malaysia Sabah — Kampus Antarabangsa Labuan), Jalan Sungai Pagar, 87000 Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Sabah, Malaysia. Mobile: +60198994371. Emel: ismailrc@ums.edu.my

How to cite this article? Ali, Ismail. (2014). “Kebijaksanaan Kesultanan Sulu dalam Mengurustadbir Sumber Ekonomi di Pantai Timur Borneo Utara, 1704 — 1878” in SUSURGALUR: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah & Pendidikan Sejarah, Vol.2(2), September, pp.189-206. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UBD Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, ISSN 2302-5808.

Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 28, 2014); Revised (May 10, 2014); and Published (September 24, 2014).

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